If your phone has a 3.5mm headphone jack, then you can listen to music with the headphones while charging, and the charging and headphone jack are separate and not affected.
If your phone doesn't have a 3.5mm headphone jack, no, you can only use Bluetooth headphones, or buy a connector converter. 3.5mm plug refers to a coaxial audio plug with a diameter of 3.5mm. It is a connector commonly used to connect audio devices to transmit audio signals, the headset is divided into three layers of stereo sound.
Personally, it's best not to do that because of Bluetooth headsets. The battery power is relatively small. It is easy to cause damage to the headset battery.
It can be charged but it is recommended to use the charger that comes with the Bluetooth headset.