1, gene chip is also known as DNA chip or DNA microarray (DNA microarray).
2, gene chip (gene)The prototype chip was introduced in the mid-1980s. The sequencing principle of gene chip is hybridization sequencing method, that is, nucleic acid sequence determination by hybridization with a group of nucleic acid probes with known sequences, which can be illustrated in Figure 11-5-1. An octanucleotide probe with known sequence was fixed on the surface of a substrate.
3, nucleic acid molecular hybridization technology. The essence of gene chip technology is the parallel analysis of biological signals, using the principle of nucleic acid molecular hybridization, through fluorescence labeling technology to detect the compatibility of hybridization, and then through computer analysis and processing can quickly obtain the required information.
4. Gene coreConduct qualitative and quantitative analysis. The gene chip can integrate a large number of molecular recognition probes on the surface of a tiny substrate (silicon, slide, etc.), and can parallel analyze a large number of genes at the same time to detect and analyze a large amount of information.
2, 1), gene chip technology Gene chip technology: is a high throughput SNP analysis method for molecular hybridization and in situ fluorescence detection on solid phase supporting media. Advantages and disadvantages: The advantages are high throughput, multiple SNPS can be screened on a scale at a time, the starting material is very small, and the operation steps are simple. The disadvantage is that the chip design costs are high due to the DNA samplesComplexity, some SNPS cannot be picked up.
3. RACE technology combined with reverse transcription and PCR revealed the unknown mRNA region; DD-PCR was used to isolate tissue-specific gene expression differences. Multiple biomarker technologies: Revealing complex interactions between proteins and genes From protein chips to Southern blot, a series of technologies reveal the transmission and regulatory networks of life signals.
4. The technical means of SNP processing mainly include gene chip and sequencing technology, among which gene chip is a high-throughput and high-precision method for detecting SNP markers, can detect tens of thousands of markers at a time. The sequencing technology uses a DNA sequencer to conduct a comprehensive sequencing of DNA samples, which can detect both SNP markers and other variations in the genome. 5, of course, there are many technical advantages and disadvantages, here mainly discuss their nature, to eliminate many people's misunderstanding of the two, that the gene chip is replaced by second-generation sequencing at least in the current view is still relatively one-sided. Similarities: High throughput and overlap in some application areas (such as expression profile, SNP) Differences: essential differences: the essence of the gene chip is nucleic acid hybridization.
Molecular hybridization of nucleic acid. According to the information network, the gene chip technology is to fix a large number of probe molecules to the solid phase support at the same time, and the sequence information of DNA samples can be efficiently interpreted and analyzed by virtue of the hybridization and pairing characteristics of nucleic acid molecules. The essence of gene chip technology is nucleic acid molecular hybridization technology.
The DNA chip, also known as the genechip (genechip), is essentially a high-density oligonucleotide (DNA probe) array. It uses in-place combinationThe lithography technology of chemical and microelectronic chips, or the orderly solidification of a large number of specific series of DNA fragments (probes) on glass or substrate by other methods, thus forming a DNA chip that stores a large amount of life information.
Gene chip is also known as DNA chip or DNA microarray.
The gene chip is built on the basis of MicroarrayTechnology. Microarray technology is a high-throughput analysis method that utilizes a fixed chip tableThousands of specific DNA or RNA probes on the surface are used to detect and quantify a large number of genes in a sample. These probes can be specific gene sequences that are known, or they can be collections of probes that cover the entire genome.
1. Biochip is a microbiogenic analysis system for cells through a certain technology to achieve rapid analysis. Its role is used in the study of medical human diseases. It is high-tech, mainly refers to through micro-processing technology and micro-electricitySub-technology is a microbiochemical analysis system built on the surface of solid cell chips to achieve fast and accurate analysis of cells, proteins, DNA and other biological components. 2, scientists have found that proteins have switching characteristics, and protein molecules are used as components to make integrated circuits, called biochips. Computers that use biochips are called protein computers, or biocomputers. Scientists have developed switching devices that use protein clusters to manufacture: synthetic protein chips, genetic generation chips, erythrohemin chips, and so on.
3, simply put, the biochip is in a piece of glassA biological sample is placed on a material such as a wafer, a silicon wafer, a nylon film, and then a signal is collected by an instrument and the results are analyzed by a computer. People may easily associate biochips with electronic chips, although biochips and electronic chips do have inextricably linked, but they are two completely different things.