1, butRecently, a piece of good news came, Huawei stabilized, Beidou rate domestic chip to achieve "breakthrough", 28nm process chip has been mass produced. According to the report of "China Business News", when Huawei fell into a lack of "core" crisis, Beidou came forward very unexpectedly, or will help Huawei get rid of the chip crisis. On the morning of October 3, Ran Chengqi, director of the China Satellite Navigation System Management Office and spokesman for Beidou Satellite Navigation System, said that the 28nm process chip of Beidou system has been mass produced, and the 22nm process chip is about to be mass produced. It is reported that Beidou related products have been exported to more than 120 countries and regionsMore than 100 million users to provide services, based on Beidou land mapping, precision agriculture, digital construction, etc., has been successfully applied in the Eastern League, South Asia, Eastern Europe, West Asia, Africa.
3, therefore, the Beidou navigation chip can not be said to crush the imported chip, because from the chip point of view, the Beidou 22nm process is not absolutely strong. On the other hand, the main modules of the Beidou chip include RF amplifiers and receivers, baseband codecs and master control modules, which are combined to enable the Beidou chip to receive signals from Beidou satellites to achieve navigation.
4. The Beidou System has fully serviced trafficSectors such as transport, public security, disaster relief and mitigation, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing, and urban governance will be integrated into the construction of core national infrastructure such as electricity, finance and communications. The 28nm process chip has been mass-produced, and the 22nm process chip is about to be mass-produced. Most smart phones support Beidou function, and mobile phones supporting Beidou ground-based enhancement high-precision applications have been listed.
5, Beidou-3 satellite core components 100% domestic, Beidou products have been exported to more than 120 countries and regions, Beidou to provide services to more than 100 million users around the world. According to reports, the global positioning accuracy of Beidou is better than 10 meters, and the speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2 m/s, timing accuracy better than 20 nanoseconds, service availability better than 99%. 6, on the breakthrough chip "jam neck" problem, Zhou Yumei, a member of the CPPCC National Committee and a researcher at the Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that at present, China's integrated circuit field in basic research, application technology, product research and development have been promoted rapidly, and the industry has also been fully deployed. Our autonomous chips have been widely used in Beidou satellites, supercomputers and other fields.
1, China's domestic chips can now reach the process level of 90 nm. In the key links of chip manufacturing, equipment and materials such as lithography machine, etching machine, wafer, photoresist occupy an important proportion. In particular, lithography equipment, at present, Shanghai microelectronics enterprises have been able to provide 90 nm level products. However, in the field of high-end KrF and ArF photoresist, the self-sufficiency rate of domestic products is almost zero, and it is heavily dependent on imports.
2, 14 nm. According to the latest data, as of 2023, China has been able to produce 14-nanometer chips in the field of chip manufacturing, and the mass production rate has reachedA high level. Chips are key components in electronic devices, which use microelectronics technology to integrate complex circuits and systems on tiny silicon wafers. 3, according to the current data show that China's chips can only reach 14 nanometers, but the United States can reach five nanometers in chip manufacturing, this quantitative advantage means that their development is more robust, but even so the United States did not want to let go of China, and even in some application and development has been restricting China. It can be seen that the gap between Chinese chips and foreign chips is far.
4, domestic chip waterStay at 90 nanometers. The technological progress from 90 nm to 22 nm directly shows that China has achieved autonomy and control in the key core technologies of lithography.
nano. According to the inquiry industry network, the maximum resolution of the domestic lithography machine is 90 nm, and the wavelength is 193 nm. The most advanced model of domestic lithography machine is SSA60020 from Shanghai Microelectronics.
As the main developer of lithography technology in the world, China's lithography machine development has been attracting attention. In the past, China's lithography machines could only reach a production accuracy of 50 nanometers, but in recent yearsTo seize the opportunity and vigorously develop technology, China lithography machine successfully achieved the production accuracy of 25 nm and 18 nm, and successfully pushed the industrial chain to a higher level. Today, the lithography machine breaks the production limit of 7 nanometers, which is the latest strategic commanding height of industrial competition.
nano. According to the Chinese People's Daily Online, China has successfully developed the first domestic 28-nanometer (nm) lithography machine in 2023, which is expected to be delivered by the end of the year.
smee lithography machine 22 nm. lithography (lithography) also known as mask alignment exposure machine, exposure systemLithography system, etc., is the core equipment for manufacturing chips. It uses a technique similar to photo printing to print fine graphics on a mask plate onto a silicon chip through light exposure. On November 29, 2018, the national major scientific research equipment development project "super resolution lithography equipment development" passed acceptance.
SMIC's best lithography machine is the 28 nm lithography machine. Smic is one of the leading semiconductor manufacturing companies in China and its lithography machine technology is an industry leader. The 28-nanometer lithography machine is SMIC's most advanced lithography machine, which can produce high-quality 28-nanometer chips. 28 nanometer lithographyThe precision of the machine is very high, and high-precision chips can be manufactured to meet the needs of various high-end products.
China's domestic chips are currently able to reach the process level of 90 nm. In the key links of chip manufacturing, equipment and materials such as lithography machine, etching machine, wafer, photoresist occupy an important proportion. In particular, lithography equipment, at present, Shanghai microelectronics enterprises have been able to provide 90 nm level products. However, in the high-end KrF and ArF photoresist field, domesticThe self-sufficiency rate of products is almost zero, and it is heavily dependent on imports.
China's chip manufacturing technology is currently capable of reaching the 14nm level. In the face of the challenges of domestic chip development, in addition to the challenges of the external environment and the continued sanctions of the United States, which limit access to key technologies and industries, China's chip industry is also trying to enhance its own capabilities through labor-intensive methods. Although progress has been made, there is still a big gap compared with the international advanced level.
According to the current data show that China's chips can only reach 14 nanometers, but the United States can reach five nanometers in chip manufacturing, such a quantityThe advantages all mean that their development is more robust, but even so the United States did not want to let go of China, and even in some application and development has been restricting China, which shows that the gap between Chinese chips and foreign chips is far.Domestic chip level can only achieve 90 nm. From the perspective of chip manufacturing, equipment and materials such as lithography machines, etchers, wafers, and photoresist account for a large proportion. Among the lithographic machine equipment, the current Shanghai Microelectronics is 90 nm. High-end KrF and ArF photoresist are almost dependent on imports, of which ArF photoresist is almost zero domestic. Accordingly, our country should be produced highDegree of localization of the chip, the current 90 nm is a cut-off point. At present, the manufacturing process level of China's chip has reached 14 nm, which can meet the needs of most application scenarios. In the future, the manufacturing process of Chinese chips will be further improved, and it is expected that by 2025, the manufacturing process of Chinese chips will reach 7 nanometers.
Huawei is currently capable of producing 3-nanometer chips. Huawei's chip manufacturing technology has reached the level of several nanometers, and is developing chips with 2 nanometers. Huawei in mobile devices, cloud computingAnd artificial intelligence and other fields have strong competitiveness, thanks to its advanced technology and manufacturing capabilities in chip manufacturing. Huawei's self-developed Kirin chip has gained wide recognition in the smartphone market.
Domestic chip 14nm entered the outbreak period, SMIC International production capacity is close to full load from SMIC returnSince the creation of the board, it has attracted much attention as a leader in domestic chips. According to the news on November 26, the company revealed positive signals that its capacity utilization is close to full capacity, reflecting strong market demand. Smic raised its full-year revenue target for 2020, expecting growth of 24% to 26%, and its gross margin target exceeded last year, showing a solid earnings outlook.
At the recent SMIC investor research meeting, CEO Dr. Liang Mengsong revealed the latest progress of the company, he said that 14nm has been put into mass production in the fourth quarter of last year, and the yield rate to meet the industry's mass production standards. And the second generation of advanced technologyTechnology n1 is steadily advancing, and compared to the first generation technology, the second generation technology platform has improved performance by 20% compared to 14nm, reduced power consumption by 57%, reduced logic area by 63%, and reduced integration area by 55%.
A few days ago, the official website of China's largest wafer foundry SMIC reprinted an article from the "Pudong Times", which wrote at the beginning of the article: "Located in Pudong Zhangjiang Halley Road, SMIC South Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Co., LTD. (SMIC South Factory), chip is" fresh ", "new" is the chip production line is the first 14-nanometer production line in China.
As of October 2020, the most advanced is 14 nanometers. Nanotechnology now includes nano-biology, nano-electronics, nano-materials science, nano-mechanics, nano-chemistry and other disciplines. From micron technology, including microelectronics, to nanotechnology, human beings are going deeper and deeper into the microscopic worldThe level of understanding and transforming the micro-world has been raised to an unprecedented height.