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Electric vehicles, light electric motorcycles, etc. are more and more favored by people because of their advantages of low energy consumption and green environmental protection, and have become a main direction of future automotive development. As the electric vehicle power heart of the battery, its safety performance is also getting more and more attention. At present, there are a number of power battery safety standards for electric vehicles at home and abroad, such as UL2580, ISO12405-1, ISO12405-2, etc., as well as the domestic automotive industry standard QC743-2006, etc., these standards are respectively for battery single batteries, The safety requirements of battery module and battery charging and discharging system are made. In this paper, UL2580 is taken as an example to briefly introduce the requirements for power batteries.
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UL released the draft safety standard UL2580 for automotive power batteries in 2009, and released the official version of UL2580 in October 2011, and UL2580 passed the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) review officially adopted as the United States National standard.
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? Standard range:
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The UL2580 standard covers internal energy storage devices for electric vehicles, such as battery cells, battery modules, and battery pack systems. The standard assesses the battery's ability to withstand simulated abuse and protect people from the risk of abuse. The standard also assesses the reliability of charge and discharge parameters of batteries and battery modules within the operating temperature range specified by the manufacturer. However, the standard does not consider the interaction between other control systems in electric vehicles and the battery.
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The power battery used in light electric vehicles (such as electric bicycles, electric wheelchairs, electric scooters, etc.) has a separate requirement in the UL2271 standard, so it is not within the scope of the UL2580 standard.
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UL2580 test projects are all for the electric vehicle power battery pack and battery module test, and there is no test project for single cell, but the standard also specifically states that the cell must meet the corresponding battery standards, such as lithium-ion cell must pass UL1642, nickel system cell must meet the requirements of UL2054 cell test.
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? Test brief:
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UL2580 test items mainly include the following categories:
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ELECTRICAL TESTS: Electrical tests:
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Overcharge test,
short-circuit test
Overdischarge protection test
thermal test
Non-equilibrium battery charging test
pressure-tight test
insulation test
continuity test
Cooling\/heating stabilization system failure test
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Second, mechanical safety performance test:
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rotation test
vibration test
blow test
drop test
squeezing test
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Third, environmental adaptation performance test:
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temperature cycle test
salt spray test
soak test
External flame exposure test
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UL2580 is an American Safety Laboratory (UL) issued for electric vehicle power battery system safety standards. The standard includes a number of test items designed to ensure the safety performance of power battery systems. The following are the main test items of the UL2580 power battery inspection standard:
1. Electrical test: overcharge, short circuit, overdischarge protection, temperature rise, unbalanced charge, voltage resistance, insulation impedance, ground continuity, thermal management system failure, etc.
2. Mechanical test: vibration, mechanical shock, drop, etc.
3. Other tests: including appearance inspection, size measurement, chemical composition analysis, etc.
The implementation of the UL2580 standard helps to ensure the safety performance of the electric vehicle power battery system and improve the overall safety and reliability of electric vehicles.