In general, the 12V charger cannot directly charge the 24V lithium battery, because this may cause the battery to overcharge and damage the battery. However, if the battery has a power management chip inside, it may not be charged, because the chip will reject this charging request that does not meet the set voltage. Without a power management chip, the battery can still be charged, but the voltage will be reduced, and the capacity may not be full.
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Some car chargers support both 12V and 24V modes. Although they seem to be able to adapt to devices with different voltages, in reality, these chargers are usually not universal. For example, a 12V car charger usually cannot be used to charge a 24V device.
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If you want to use a 24V charger to charge a 12V device, there are a few conditions that need to be met: First, direct charging is not recommended in most cases, unless the 24V charger has a limited current voltage control circuit inside. Secondly, in the absence of the relevant control circuit, it is necessary to change the line structure when charging, which requires certain hands-on ability and relevant circuit knowledge. Simply put, it is also possible to calculate the required charging current to select the appropriate resistor or parallel components such as 7815 to achieve the goal.
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In general, although some conditions can be used to charge in this way, but considering the safety and normal work of the device, the safest and most effective way is to use the charger that matches the device for charging.
The 12-volt charger cannot charge the 24-volt lithium battery, because the output voltage of the charger must match the rated voltage of the battery, and too high a charging voltage will cause battery damage. A 12-volt charger can only charge a 12-volt battery, and if you charge a 24-volt battery, it will damage the battery.