Do you dare to drive a 50km\/h car to 100km\/h? According to Ohm's law I=U\/R,
USB power supply is 5V, not 36V, generally output 1A current, used to charge the mobile phone will not have any damage, but for some fast charging mobile phones can not reach the fast charging effect.
If you are not assured, it is recommended to measure whether the output voltage is normal.