1, if the worst is the most common breakdown damage, you can use a multimeter to measure the resistance or voltage of the chip's power supply end to the ground, generally if within dozens of ohms or the power supply voltage is lower than normal, most can be regarded as breakdown damage, you can disconnect the power supply end, separately measure whether the power supply is normal. If the resistance measured is large, it is likely that other ports are damaged, you can also measure other ports one by one. See if there is a short-circuit port to the ground.
2, specialized in detecting IC instruments, multimeters do not have this ability. Generally, the use of multimeters is to detect the pin voltage when it is used to make an approximate judgment, and there is no reliability. And the judgment is made under the condition of extremely familiar with this IC.