The i\/o interface is simply a basic input\/output port that is prepared for each device action.
lO interface is the link between the host and the controlled object to exchange information. The host exchanges data with external devices through I\/O interfaces. Most of the I\/O interface circuits are programmable, that is, their mode of operation can be controlled by the program.
Extended information:
The data exchange between the CPU and peripherals must be done through the interface, which usually has the following functions:
(1) Set the data storage, buffer logic to adapt to the speed difference between the CPU and peripherals, the interface is usually composed of some registers or RAM chips, if the chip is large enough can also achieve batch data transmission;
(2) The ability to convert information formats, such as serial and parallel conversion;
(3) Able to coordinate the CPU and peripherals in the type and level of information differences, such as level conversion drivers, digital\/analog or analog\/digital converters;
(4) Coordination timing differences;
(5) Address decoding and device selection functions;
(6) Set up interrupt and DMA control logic to ensure that interrupt and DMA request signals are generated when the interrupt and DMA permit, and interrupt processing and DMA transmission are completed after receiving the interrupt and DMA reply.
The input and output management chip (hereinafter referred to as: I\/O chip) plays a pivotal role in the motherboard, which provides and manages all the input and output control and management functions required by the whole system.
Once the chip has a problem, the slightest fault phenomenon will be one or all of the I\/O devices can not work properly, or it will cause the entire system to crash! If the host board can not find the keyboard, keyboard lock, string and parallel port failure or the floppy drive read and write abnormal phenomenon, then the problem is likely to provide it with control functions of the I\/O chip appeared different degrees of damage.
Also called I\/O chip: The motherboard has an I\/O control circuit. Responsible for providing serial, parallel interface, floppy disk, optical drive USB and keyboard and mouse control interface. There must be resource mismatch between high-speed devices such as Southbridge and a large number of devices such as serial, parallel interfaces, floppy disk drives, optical drives, USB and keyboards and mice, which need to be converted and managed. The Super I\/O chip completes this function. The super I\/O function is usually integrated in the hardware monitoring chip, which can be used to monitor the voltage, temperature, speed and so on of the monitored object. The motherboard will provide some software in the accessories, which can be used with the hardware on the motherboard to achieve the monitoring of voltage, temperature, fan speed, etc., once these parameters are detected beyond the set indicators, it will automatically adjust to protect the safety of the components. Common temperature control chips are ADT7463 and so on; Common hardware monitoring chips include Winbond W83697HF and W83627HF, SMSC LPC47M172, ITE IT8705F, IT8703F, ASUS AS99172F, etc. These chips usually integrate temperature monitoring with temperature sensing components; To monitor the speed of the fan motor, work with the cooling fan of the CPU.