1, because of the existence of electron tunneling effect, the accepted limit of crystal control range is 5nm. According to quantum mechanical calculations, when the line width of the silicon chip is less than about 10nm, the possible line width limit is currently expected to be 1~10nm, not less than one nanometer.
2, the improvement of the process process determines the size of the horizontal area of the 3D transistor. Without destroying the silicon atoms themselves, there is a theoretical limit to chip manufacturing, at about 0.5nm, because the silicon atoms themselves must maintain a certain distance between them.
3, usually said 5nm or 7nm is the width of the transistor (also called line width). The lowest layer of the chip is the mos tube, the smaller the feature size, the smaller the mos tube produced, which means the higher the integration of the chip, and then the cost is reduced.
4, the chip of 5nm, 7nm to put it bluntlyThe width between transistors inside a chip. And the smaller the number, the more advanced the technology, so it's important.
5, if it is lower than 2nm, it is that the industry should have revolutionary inventions and theoretical improvements, which can be more refined.
6, the limit of the chip is mainly reflected in the following aspects: physical limitations: the physical structure and material of the chip determine the upper limit of its performance. For example, the size and material characteristics of the transistors affect the power consumption, speed and heat dissipation of the chip. In addition, the interconnections between electronic components can also impose limits on signal transmission speed and power consumption.
Around. At present, 10nm has completed the demonstration of the initial stage of mass production, and 7nm has basically completed the research and development of the laboratory stage. 5nm or even 3nm is just a matter of time.Therefore, it is currently expected that the possible line width limit is 1~10nm, not less than one nanometer.
This is infinitely low, currently the strongest is 22 nanometers, but further reduction to 8 nanometers is possible. Other units smaller than the nanometer are picomi and femomi. In the future, it is also possible to slowly upgrade from the 90 picomi process.
Theoretically, the main frequency of the CPUThere is no upper limit. But the reality is that as the frequency of the CPU increases, its power consumption and heat increase, but not linear increase, the current frequency of mainstream products is generally less than 4GHz. So, the CPU frequency has a limit, but this limit, I don't know how much, because the technology is developing.
What is the limit of the cpu production process 5nm With the progress of science and technology, the CPU production process is no limit. Ten years ago, it was said that the micron level was the limit, and now it has been done at the nanometer level; With the advancement of science and technology, it is possible to achieve 1 nanometer, 0.1 nanometer or smaller units.
Purely from the production process, of course, the smaller the manufacturing process, the better. At present, the production process of Intel series reaches 14 nm; AMD series production process up to 32 nanometers. What is the manufacturing process: The manufacturing process refers to the manufacturing process of the CPU or GPU, or the size of the transistor gate circuit, in nanometers (nm).
1, nanometer. As of November 14, 2023, the world's smallest chip process node is 2 nanometers. Chip process node refers toThe minimum distance between transistors on a chip, expressed in nanometers (nm). With the continuous progress of technology, the chip process nodes continue to shrink, thus improving the integration and performance of the chip.
2. The world's smallest chip is 7 nanometers. Designed by AMD and manufactured by TSMC, this chip is currently the smallest integrated circuit product in the world, and the process exceeds Intel for the first time. The latter is currently the world's largest chip company and is preparing to launch a 10-nanometer chip.
3, nano. According to the Inquiry Digital network, Mediatek took the lead in the United States on the morning of November 19, 2021Released the world's first 4-nanometer chip Tianji 9000, which is manufactured by TSMC, and the other is the Qualcomm Snapdragon mobile 8 platform, which is a 4-nanometer chip manufactured by Samsung, which is the smallest chip on the market at present.
4, CPU process technology can achieve a minimum of 0.11 nm. The smaller the chip process, the higher the integration per unit volume, which means that the processing efficiency and heat generation are smaller. The improvement of the manufacturing process determines the size of the transverse area of the 3D transistor.
5, nanometer (nm) chip is the smallest size that can be achieved by semiconductor manufacturing technology, which represents microelectronics technologyThe limits of art. The reason 1 nanometer chip is considered the limit of microelectronics technology is because at this size, it is very difficult to manufacture due to the existence of physical limitations.
6, biochips, etc., to promote the continuous innovation and breakthrough of chip manufacturing technology. In general, the minimum size of the chip can reach a few nanometers, but this depends on the current state of technology and manufacturing process. With the advancement and innovation of technology, the size of chips will continue to shrink in the future, bringing more possibilities to the development of science and technology.
The theoretical limit of the chip: the limit size of the silicon transistor is about 1 nanometer, which is the theoretical limit of a single transistor device.
nm is the molar limit, that is, the ultimate accuracy of silicon-based chips can only reach 1nm in theory, but due to the limitations of the natural environment, its actual accuracy can never reach 1nm. The smaller the process, the smaller the power consumption, in the case of achieving the same function, the heat is small, and the battery can be used for a longer time.
Nanometer (nm) chip is the smallest size that can be achieved by the current semiconductor manufacturing technology, it represents the pole of microelectronics technologyLimit. The reason 1 nanometer chip is considered the limit of microelectronics technology is because at this size, it is very difficult to manufacture due to the existence of physical limitations.
After reaching the 5nm process limit, how should the CPU continue to develop? 7nm, 5nm currently does not exist Why chip 5nm is the limit.. Because the current mode of chip operation is still classical logic circuit. When the process is smaller than 5nm, quantum effects dominate.
So the traditional silicone chip has basically reached the limit, if it is forced to add more transistors after 1nmAt that point, the performance of the chip will have various problems.