The chip is a semi-finished product of wafer cutting.
The chip is composed of more than N semiconductor devices. Semiconductors are generally diodes, transistors, field-effect tubes, low-power resistors, inductors and capacitors.
Silicon and germanium are commonly used semiconductor materials, and their properties and materials are easy to use in large quantities and at low cost in the above technology. A silicon wafer is composed of a large number of semiconductor devices, of course, the function is to compose the semiconductor circuit as needed and exist in the silicon wafer, after packaging is IC.
Wafer refers to the silicon wafer used in the production of silicon semiconductor integrated circuit, because its shape is round, it is called wafer; It can be processed into various circuit component structures on silicon wafers, and become IC products with specific electrical functions. The original material of the wafer is silicon, and the earth's crust is inexhaustible silica. Silica ore is refined by electric arc furnace, chlorinated by hydrochloric acid, and after distillation, high purity polysilicon is made, and its purity is as high as 0.999999999.
The wafer manufacturer then melts the polysilicon, and then adds a small grain of silicon crystal seed into the melt solution, and then slowly pulls it out to form a cylindrical monocrystalline silicon crystal rod, because the silicon crystal rod is gradually generated by a small grain in the molten state of silicon raw material, this process is called \"long crystal\". After grinding, polishing, and slicing, the silicon rod becomes the basic raw material of the integrated circuit factory - silicon wafer, which is the \"wafer\".
Probably can be likened to this, such as the pizza we eat, the wafer is the big cake that has not been cut, and the chip is cut piece by piece