Not every chip has a program, there are many chips that don't have a program, it's just an integrated circuit block itself.
Just like the oscillator chip in the switching power supply, the DC to DC chip, and the power amplifier chip, they have no program, and you can find the same type of chip to replace it, without brushing the program.
For the memory in the digital circuit, computer bios chip and other replacement needs to program, need to brush the same type of program.
Not necessarily. If there is a program inside, it is best to brush the same program. If not, you don't need it.