An interface chip is a chip with an interface circuit
The interface circuit has the following functions:
(1) Set the data storage, buffer logic to adapt to the speed difference between the CPU and peripherals, the interface is usually composed of some registers or RAM chips, if the chip is large enough can also achieve batch data transmission;
(2) The ability to convert information formats, such as serial and parallel conversion;
(3) Able to coordinate the CPU and peripherals in the type and level of information differences, such as level conversion drivers, digital\/analog or analog\/digital converters;
(4) Coordination timing differences;
(5) Address decoding and device selection functions;
The I\/O interface is an electronic circuit, usually an IC chip or interface board, which has a number of special registers and the corresponding control logic circuit. It is the medium and bridge for exchanging information between the CPU and I\/O devices. The connection and data exchange between the CPU and external devices and memory need to be realized through the interface device, the former is called the I\/O interface, and the latter is called the memory interface. The memory usually works under the synchronous control of the CPU, and the interface circuit is relatively simple; There are many types of I\/O devices, and their corresponding interface circuits are different, so it is customary to say that the interface only refers to the I\/O interface. The hardware of the I\/O interface mainly includes:
(1) I\/O interface chip
Most of these chips are integrated circuits, input different commands and parameters through the CPU, and control the related I\/O circuits and simple peripherals for corresponding operations, common interface chips such as timing\/counter, interrupt controller, DMA controller, parallel interface, etc.
(2) I\/O interface control card
There are several integrated circuits that are logically composed into a component, either directly with the CPU on the motherboard, or a plug-in inserted into the system bus slot.