Whether the external crystal oscillator of STM32 microcontroller needs power supply depends on whether you choose passive crystal oscillator or active crystal oscillator.
If the passive crystal oscillator is used, then there is no need to supply power to the crystal oscillator, the oscillation circuit and the required power supply are integrated into the MCU; If an active crystal oscillator is used, the crystal oscillator needs to be powered. The active crystal oscillator usually has 4 pins, including two power pins and an output pin, which is connected to the oscin pin of the MCU.
Chip crystal oscillator is divided into active and passive, in simple terms, one with voltage and one without. The use of active crystal oscillator or passive crystal oscillator in a product needs to be a comprehensive consideration, of course, in the early design you can capricious want to use which one, but the million gold crystal oscillator to remind is that the price of crystal oscillator with voltage is higher