Four lines, several possibilities:
1, the stepper motor, to use a single chip microcomputer or PLC drive, there are also some special integrated circuits.
2, this is an AC motor, can not be driven by batteries.
3, every 2 wires is a pole, that is, in fact, 2 is 1, it is possible that the designer considers \"multiple power supply\/do not allow the use of larger wire diameter\/corresponding power requirements.\" You can tell that with a multimeter.
4, excitation DC motor, 2 are stator, 2 are rotor, each connected to their own power supply on the line. But check the parameters. Don't raise the voltage.
5. You drink too much... There are actually only two wires...