Chip raw materials are mainly monocrystalline silicon, the nature of silicon is to do semiconductor, high-purity monocrystalline silicon is an important semiconductor material. P-type silicon semiconductor is formed by adding a trace of Group IIIA element into monocrystal silicon. A small amount of group VA element is added to form an N-type semiconductor. P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors are combined to form p-n junctions, which can be made into solar cells that convert radiant energy into electricity. It is a promising material in the development of energy, and the widely used diodes, transistors, thyristors, field effect tubes and various integrated circuits (including chips and cpus in people's computers) are made of silicon.
Silicon is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, and the deoxidized sand, especially quartz, contains up to 25% silicon in the form of silicon dioxide, which is also the basis of the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Use a monocrystal silicon wafer as the base, then use lithography, doping, CMP and other technologies to make MOSFET or BJT components, and then use thin film and CMP technology to make wires, so that the chip is completed.