4nm is an extension of the 5nm process, and the 3nm process is TSMC's new generation of chip process nodes after 5nm, which will increase the transistor density by 70% compared with 5nm, increase the operating speed by 10% to 15%, and increase the energy efficiency by 25% to 30%.
The 4nm process will be compatible with the design rules of the 5nm process, and has more cost-effective advantages than the 5nm process, aiming at the next wave of 5nm products, which are planned to be mass-produced in 2022.