IC card (Integrated circuit card) is a smart card based on integrated circuit chip technology, which is usually used in electronic payment fields such as identity identification and financial transactions. The principle of IC card mainly includes the following aspects:
1. Integrated circuit chip: The core part of the IC card is the chip, which has a microprocessor and solidified program, which can store and process data, and has encryption, decryption and communication functions. The storage capacity and processing capacity of the chip are different, which also determines that different types of IC cards have different application fields.
2. Contact technology: The IC card realizes data communication through contact with the read and write device. The read and write device contacts the metal contacts on the chip through the metal pins on the card, and the power and clock signals can be transmitted to the chip through the pins.
3. Non-contact technology: Some IC cards can also use radio frequency (RF) technology to communicate, in this case, the read and write device will send an RF signal to the IC card, and the chip automatically processes the data after receiving the signal.
4. Encryption and decryption technology: IC card adopts a variety of encryption and decryption technologies in data storage and communication to ensure the security of data and the reliability of transmission.
In short, the principle of IC card is to use integrated circuit chip technology to store and process data, in contact or non-contact communication with the reading and writing device, a variety of encryption technologies are used to ensure the security of data and the reliability of transmission. Due to its security, convenience and practicality, IC cards have been widely used in finance, commerce, e-government, public transportation and other fields.