In simple terms, the difference between 5nm and 3nm is that the transistor can be smaller, so that the chip can integrate more transistors (computing units, caching) with the same volume and power consumption, and the performance is therefore improved, and the cost is lower.
The lowest layer of the chip is the mos tube, the smaller the feature size, the smaller the mos tube produced, which means the higher the integration of the chip, and then the cost is reduced. Under the condition that the chip occupies the same area, the higher the integration, the more functional circuits can be crammed into the chip.
The most direct difference between 5nm and 3nm is the difference in the process, the smaller the number, the more difficult the processing is required, of course, its theoretical performance is also stronger, but the power consumption may become larger, there is an obvious difference is that the cost of manufacturing and the yield of the problem, the cost has increased significantly, and the yield will also decline with the processing difficulty.
The 5nm chip is rectangular, and the 3nm chip is square