No, the concept of superconductivity does not require germanium and gallium. Superconductivity refers to the disappearance of electrical resistance at low temperatures, usually in certain metals, alloys, compounds or other materials. Germanium and gallium are semiconductor materials that do not possess superconducting properties. Superconducting materials are usually composed of complex compounds such as copper oxides, iron-based superconductors, or lanthanide ferromagnetic superconductors. These materials are able to exhibit superconductivity at low temperatures and have important applications in fields such as magnetic resonance imaging, energy transmission and quantum computing.
The concept of superconductivity itself does not require germanium and gallium, because superconductivity is a physical phenomenon that is not directly related to the type of material. However, in the study of superconducting materials, semiconductor materials such as germanium and gallium are used as dopants to change the electrical properties of superconducting materials, thereby increasing their properties such as superconducting critical temperature and current density. Therefore, semiconductor materials such as germanium and gallium play an important role in the application and research of superconducting materials.