The small porter experiment is a simple physical experiment to carry objects by using the principle of buoyancy. The basic principle is: put the object on the ship, lift the height of the ship through the upward buoyancy of the water, and achieve the transport of the object.
Specific experimental steps are as follows:
Step 1 Prepare a bathtub or sink and fill it with water.
2. Place a small boat on the surface of the water, which can be made of cardboard, and can be of a moderate size.
3. Place some objects on the boat, such as small stones, small wooden blocks and other heavy objects.
4. Observe and record the changes in the height and water level of the boat, which can be measured by a scale or ruler.
The principle of the experiment is that when an object is in water, the water gives the object an upward buoyancy force equal to the difference between the pressure of the surface area under the object and the pressure of the surface area above the object. When the buoyancy force on an object in water is greater than its gravity, the object floats on the surface of the water. Therefore, placing some heavy objects on the boat can increase the weight of the boat, so that the boat is more buoyant in the water. The increase in buoyancy causes the boat to rise, carrying the objects on board with it. Therefore, we can observe and analyze the experimental results by changing the weight and shape of the boat and the payload.
The small porter experiment is simple and easy to operate, suitable for popular science education and family experiments, and can also inspire children's innovative spirit and scientific interest.
It's based on capillarity.
Capillarity refers to the phenomenon that the liquid has an adhesive force on the inner wall of the capillary tube, which makes the liquid climb upward.
When the liquid in the small porter moves in the fine capillary, due to the influence of the capillary phenomenon, the liquid level will rise to a higher position, so as to promote the small object to rise with the liquid level and achieve transportation.
In addition, small porters also involve factors such as viscosity and surface tension of the liquid. In addition, the capillary phenomenon is also an important phenomenon in many other fields of science, such as plant capillaries to transport water, insects to drink water, tissues to absorb water, etc., has important application value.
1 is to use the effect of surface tension to repel the liquid to its surface to form a droplet, and then control the movement of the droplet by adjusting factors such as the material and liquid form of the droplet.
2 Surface tension is the effect of surface tension on the liquid, which will minimize the surface area and form droplets on a relatively smooth surface.
The small porter experiment uses the effect of surface tension to adjust the properties of liquid substances, surfaces and other factors, so that droplets can form and move on different surfaces. The research and application of
3 can be used in miniaturization experiments such as microfluidic chips and analysis and detection in biomedical fields.