Microtechnology refers to the technology of manufacturing and applying devices, systems and structures at the micron scale, and its principles are mainly based on the physical, chemical and material science properties at the micro and nano scales. Microtechnology is widely used, including electronic, optical, mechanical, biological and other fields.
The principle of microtechnology mainly includes the following aspects:
1. Microfluid mechanics: Microfluid mechanics is a discipline that studies fluid behavior at the micron level, mainly involving microfluidic chips, microvalves, micropumps and other devices. Its principle is based on the microscopic characteristics of the fluid at the micron level, such as surface tension, capillary effect, etc., through the micro-pipe and micro-structure to control the flow and mixing of the fluid, to achieve the automatic control of microfluidics.
2. Micro-machining technology: Micro-machining technology refers to the technology of manufacturing micron level structures, including lithography, thin film deposition, ion implantation, plasma etching and other methods. These technologies can manufacture microelectronic devices, micromechanical devices, micro-optical devices and other micron-level devices and structures, and realize the integration and miniaturization of Microsystems.
3. Microelectronics: Microelectronics refers to the study of micron-level electronic devices and integrated circuits, the principle of which is based on semiconductor physics and microstructure technology. Applications of microelectronics include chip manufacturing, sensors, memory, processors and other fields.
4. Micro and nano biotechnology: Micro and nano biotechnology refers to the application of micron-level structure and technology to study biological molecules and cells, tissues, the principle is based on molecular biology, cell biology and micro and nano technology. Applications of micro and nano biotechnology include biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering and other fields.
In short, the principle of microtechnology is mainly based on the physical, chemical and material science properties at the micron level, including microfluidic mechanics, micromachining technology, microelectronics and micro-nano biotechnology. The application of these principles has made microtechnology widely used and developed in the fields of electronics, optics, machinery, biology and so on.
The principle of microtechnology is to use micron or even nanoscale manufacturing processes to manufacture tiny devices, involving physics, chemistry, material science and other aspects of knowledge, including microfluidic, micromachining, micromanufacturing and other technologies.