(1) Classification by functional structure
Integrated circuit according to its function, structure is different, can be divided into analog integrated circuit and digital integrated circuit two categories.
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Analog integrated circuits are used to generate, amplify, and process various analog signals (signals whose amplitude varies with the time boundary). For example, the audio signal of a semiconductor radio, the tape signal of a video recorder, etc.), and the digital integrated circuit is used to generate, amplify and process a variety of digital signals (referring to signals with discrete values in time and amplitude. Such as VCD, DVD playback of audio signals and video signals).
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Basic analog integrated circuits include operational amplifiers, multipliers, integrated regulators, timers, signal generators, etc. There are many types of digital integrated circuits, and small-scale integrated circuits have a variety of gate circuits, that is, and non-gate, non-gate, or gate; The medium scale integrated circuit has data selector, code decoder, flip-flop, counter, register and so on. Large or very large scale integrated circuits include PLDS (programmable logic devices) and ASics (application-specific integrated circuits).
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From the point of view of PLD and ASIC, the difference between components, devices, circuits, and systems is no longer very strict. Not only that, PLD device itself is only a hardware carrier, loading different programs can achieve different circuit functions. Therefore, modern devices are no longer pure hardware, and software devices and corresponding software electronics have been more and more applied in modern electronic design, and their status is becoming more and more important.
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With the continuous improvement of electronic technology and process level, a large number of new devices continue to appear, the same device also has a variety of packaging forms, such as: chip components in modern electronic products have been everywhere. For different use environments, the same device also has different industrial standards, domestic components usually have three standards, namely: civil standards, industrial standards, military standards, different standards, the price is different. The cost of a military standard component can be ten times or more that of a civilian standard. Industry standards are somewhere in between.
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(2) According to the production process classification
Integrated circuits can be divided into semiconductor integrated circuits and thin film integrated circuits according to the production process.
Membrane integrated circuits are classified into thick film integrated circuits and thin film integrated circuits.
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(3) Classification according to the level of integration
Integrated circuits are divided into: small scale integrated circuit (SSI), medium scale integrated circuit (MSI), large scale integrated circuit (LSI), very large scale integrated circuit (VLSI), and very large scale integrated circuit (ULSI).
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(4) Classification according to different types of conduction
Integrated circuits can be divided into bipolar integrated circuits and unipolar integrated circuits according to the conductive type.
Bipolar integrated circuit production process is complex, large power consumption, representing the integrated circuit TTL, ECL, HTL, LST-TL, STTL and other types. The production process of unipolar integrated circuit is simple, the power consumption is also low, and it is easy to make large-scale integrated circuit, which represents the integrated circuit has CMOS, NMOS, PMOS and other types.
Chipset manufacturers include Intel (USA), VIA (Taiwan), SiS (Taiwan), ULI (Taiwan), AMD (USA), NVIDIA (USA), ATI (Canada), ServerWorks (USA), IBM (USA), HP (USA), and a few others. Chipsets from Intel and NVIDIA and VIA are the most common.
In the desktop Intel platform, Intel's own chipset has the largest market share, and the product line is complete, high, medium, low end and integrated products are available, the other chipset manufacturers VIA, SIS, ULI and the latest addition ATI and NVIDIA combined can only occupy a relatively small market share. In addition to NVIDIA other manufacturers are mainly in the low-end and integration areas, NVIDIA only has medium and high-end products, lack of low-end products, product lines are incomplete.
In the AMD platform, AMD itself usually plays a pioneering role, the product is small, the market share is also small, and VIA has previously held the largest market share of AMD platform chipsets.