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The so-called nanotechnology refers to a new technology that studies the motion laws and characteristics of electrons, atoms and molecules in the scale of 0.1~100 nanometers. In the process of studying the composition of matter, scientists have found that several or dozens of countable atoms or molecules isolated at the nanoscale significantly show many new characteristics, and the technology that uses these characteristics is called nanotechnology.
The nano in the chip refers to the process of producing the chip.
As we all know, nanometers are units of measurement. And 1mm=1000000nm. So this nanometer in the chip process refers to the size of which position of the chip? 2nm, 3nm, 7nm refer to the etching size of the processor. Simply put, that is, we can carve a unit of transistor on a chip of what size.
On June 30, 2022, the official Weibo account of \"Samsung Semiconductor\" announced: \"Samsung 3 nanometer GAA architecture process technology chip began production.\" According to current public information, this is the world's first officially mass-produced 3nm chip.
Compared to Samsung's 5 nanometer (nm), the optimized 3 nanometer (nm) process improves performance by 23%, reduces power consumption by 45%, and reduces chip area by 16%.
At the technology forum held by TSMC on June 17, foundry leader TSMC disclosed for the first time that by 2024, TSMC will have ASML's most advanced high numerical aperture extreme ultraviolet (high-NA EUV) lithography machine for the production of 2nm (N2) chips with nanosheet transistor (GAAFET) architecture. Mass production is expected in 2025.
The most advanced chip in the world is 3nm.
TSMC is the largest chip manufacturer in the global chip industry chain, occupying 50 percent of the global market share. TSMC now has a 5nm process chip, is expected to trial production in the second half of the year, in the mass production of 3nm chips next year, even Apple has made an appointment with TSMC for the supply of 3nm chips. However, to TSMC's surprise, Samsung took the lead in releasing the world's first 3nm memory chip, using the latest GAAFET technology.
The most advanced chips are 5-nanometer chips. The concept of a 5-nanometer chip is that the distance between the wires on the chip and the wires is 5 nanometers.